Exactly, the question is: Do they make enough babies here? If they do not, then the problem is just extended. Can a liberated and industrial nation sustain a high birthrate? ->
-> or is there something about the social and cultural norms that makes industrialized / market economy nations in our current economic system non-compatible with high birth rates ->
-> that may actually be the case, and if so it means that it is not a stable solution long term, that wealth/productivity/work culture at some point becomes a detriment for a nation.
Lower infant mortality alone does not explain the discrepancy of the birthrate, and if economic incentives for having babies work then it is an alternative to replacement immigration.